@article {Harrison2000,
author = {Harrison, D L and Driscoll, S J and Kitchen, M},
title = {Improving precipitation estimates from weather radar using quality control and correction techniques},
journal = {Meteorological Applications},
volume = {7},
number = {2},
publisher = {John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.},
issn = {1469-8080},
doi = {10.1017/S1350482700001468},
pages = {135--144},
year = {2000},
}

@article {Hitschfeld1954,
author="Hitschfeld, Walter and Bordan, Jack",
title="ERRORS INHERENT IN THE RADAR MEASUREMENT OF RAINFALL AT ATTENUATING WAVELENGTHS",
journal="Journal of Meteorology",
year="1954",
month="Feb",
day="01",
publisher="American Meteorological Society",
volume="11",
number="1",
pages="58--67",
abstract="Abstract An equation for the rate of rainfall at a given range from the radar is derived. This is expressed in terms of the power level of the received signal (corrected for attenuation by intervening cloud and atmospheric gases) and takes account of radar attenuation due to intervening rain. The equation includes a constant which measures the performance of the radar and is determined by direct calibration. At attenuating wavelengths (at 3 cm; to some extent at 5.6 cm) a small error in the calibration constant causes a large error in the measured rainfall. This error, which varies with range and may thus cause serious distortion, is, in fact, liable to be more serious than that caused if the attenuation were neglected entirely. Correcting for attenuation is therefore not recommended, unless the calibration error may be held within extremely narrow limits. Very small calibration errors may be achieved by calibrating the radar by means of a rain gauge located at a point where the attenuation is appreciable. At points of smaller attenuation, a satisfactory degree of accuracy in the calculated rate of rainfall then results. At wavelengths such as 10 cm, where the attenuation is negligible, errors in the constant still affect the measured rain, but neither so seriously, nor in a manner involving the range, thus causing no distortion. An examination of the relative importance of the attenuation by gases and cloud at three wavelengths similarly emphasizes the difficulties associated with quantitative work at the shorter wavelengths.",
issn="0095-9634",
doi="10.1175/1520-0469(1954)011<0058:EIITRM>2.0.CO;2",
}

@misc {Kraemer2008,
author = "Kraemer, S. and Verworn, H. R.",
title = "{11th International Conference on Urban Drainage, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, 2008 Improved C-band radar data processing for real time control of urban drainage systems}",
year = "2008",
}

@article {Jacobi2016,
author="Jacobi, S. and Heistermann, M.",
title="Benchmarking attenuation correction procedures for six years of single-polarised C-band weather radar observations in South-West Germany",
journal="Geomat. Nat. Haz. Risk.",
year="2016",
doi="10.1080/19475705.2016.1155080"
}

@inproceedings{Gabella2002,
       booktitle = {Use of radar observations in hydrological and NWP models},
           title = {Ground clutter characterization and elimination in mountainous terrain},
          author = {Gabella, Marco and Notarpietro, Riccardo},
         address = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
       publisher = {Copernicus},
            year = {2002},
           pages = {305--311},
             url = {https://iris.polito.it/handle/11583/1411995},
        abstract = {A simple and fast texture-based technique for the removal of residual ground clutter is presented. Its main advantages are that it is easy to implement (both for polar and Cartesian data) and can be applied a posteriori after any other method of clutter removal has been applied. The performances of the technique during clear-sky and rainy conditions are analyzed for a 180{$\times$}150 km2 complex-orography region, using data from a non-Doppler and a Doppler radar (for both, approximately 50\% of the clear-sky clutter shows average reflectivity greater than 13 dBZ). In the case of the non-Doppler data, the texture-based code is used after a prestored static map: it is absolutely necessary and leads to excellent results. In the case of the Doppler data, the technique can be applied with satisfactory results, even after a recent approach, which, in addition to a Doppler velocity test, combine all the available information concerning radar echoes}
}

@article{Goudenhoofdt2009,
author = {Goudenhoofdt, E. and Delobbe, L.},
title = {Evaluation of radar-gauge merging methods for quantitative precipitation estimates},
journal = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences},
volume = {13},
year = {2009},
number = {2},
pages = {195--203},
doi = {10.5194/hess-13-195-2009}
}

@misc{Pfaff2010,
author = {Pfaff, T.},
title = "{Radargestuetzte Schaetzung von Niederschlagsensembles (in German)}",
year = {2010},
howpublished = "{Bronstert et al. (Eds.). Operationelle Abfluss- und Hochwasservorhersage in Quellgebieten. Final Project Report, pp. 113-118.}",
doi: ={https://doi.org/10.2314/GBV:65175206X}
}

@article{Vulpiani2012,
author="Vulpiani, Gianfranco
and Montopoli, Mario
and Passeri, Luca Delli
and Gioia, Antonio G.
and Giordano, Pietro
and Marzano, Frank S.",
title="On the Use of Dual-Polarized C-Band Radar for Operational Rainfall Retrieval in Mountainous Areas",
journal="Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology",
year="2012",
month="Feb",
publisher="American Meteorological Society",
volume="51",
number="2",
pages="405--425",
abstract="AbstractRadar-rainfall estimation is a complex process that involves several error sources, some of which are related to the environmental context. The presence of orographic obstacles heavily affects the quality of the retrieved radar products. In relatively flat terrain conditions, dual-polarization capability has been proven either to increase the data quality or to improve the rainfall estimate. The potential benefit of using polarimetric techniques for precipitation retrieval is evaluated here using data coming from two radar systems operating in Italy under complex-orography conditions. The analysis outlines encouraging results that might open new scenarios for operational applications. Indeed, the applied rainfall algorithm employing specific differential phase mostly outperformed the examined reflectivity-based retrieval techniques except for the analyzed winter storm. In the latter case, the likely contamination by frozen or melting snow tended to degrade the performance of the examined
Kdp-based rainfall algorithms.",
issn="1558-8424",
doi="10.1175/JAMC-D-10-05024.1",
}

@book{Doviak1993,
  title={Doppler Radar and Weather Observations},
  author={Doviak, R.J. and Zrni\'c, D.S.},
  isbn={9780486450605},
  lccn={2006045426},
  series={Dover Books on Engineering Series},
  url={https://books.google.de/books?id=ispLkPX9n2UC},
  year={1993},
  publisher={Dover Publications}
}

@inproceedings{Jacobi2012,
  author={Jacobi, S. and Heistermann, M. and Pfaff, T.},
  title="{Evaluation and improvement of C-band radar attenuation correction for operational flash flood forecasting}",
  booktitle="{Proceedings of weather radar and hydrology symposium in Exeter, UK}",
  year={2012},
  pages={33-38},
  number={351},
  publisher={IAHS},
}

@Article{Wang2009,
author="Wang, Yanting
and Chandrasekar, V.",
title="Algorithm for Estimation of the Specific Differential Phase",
journal="Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology",
year="2009",
month="Dec",
day="01",
publisher="American Meteorological Society",
volume="26",
number="12",
pages="2565--2578",
abstract="Abstract The specific differential phase Kdp is one of the important parameters measured by dual-polarization radar that is being considered for the upgrade of the current Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) system. Estimation of the specific differential phase requires computing the derivative of range profiles of the differential propagation phase. The existence of possible phase wrapping, noise, and associated fluctuation in the differential propagation phase makes the evaluation of derivatives an unstable numerical process. In this paper, a robust algorithm is presented to estimate the specific differential phase, which is able to work on wrapped phases and keep up with the spatial gradients of rainfall, to provide a high-resolution specific differential phase.",
issn="0739-0572",
doi="10.1175/2009JTECHA1358.1",
}

@techreport{Merceret2000,
author={Merceret, Francis J. and Ward, Jennifer G.},
title="{Attenuation of Weather Radar Signals Due to Wetting of the Radome by Rainwater or Incomplete Filling of the Beam Volume}",
institution={NASA Kennedy Space Center; Cocoa Beach, FL United States},
year={2000},
month={Apr 09},
type={Final Report},
url={https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20020043890},
note={No Copyright; Unclassified; Publicly available; Unlimited}
}

@Article{Carey2000,
author="Carey, Lawrence D.
and Rutledge, Steven A.
and Ahijevych, David A.
and Keenan, Tom D.",
title="Correcting Propagation Effects in C-Band Polarimetric Radar Observations of Tropical Convection Using Differential Propagation Phase",
journal="Journal of Applied Meteorology",
year="2000",
month="Sep",
day="01",
publisher="American Meteorological Society",
volume="39",
number="9",
pages="1405--1433",
abstract="Abstract A propagation correction algorithm utilizing the differential propagation phase (?dp) was developed and tested on C-band polarimetric radar observations of tropical convection obtained during the Maritime Continent Thunderstorm Experiment. An empirical procedure was refined to estimate the mean coefficient of proportionality a (b) in the linear relationship between ?dp and the horizontal (differential) attenuation throughout each radar volume. The empirical estimates of these coefficients were a factor of 1.5?2 times larger than predicted by prior scattering simulations. This discrepancy was attributed to the routine presence of large drops [e.g., differential reflectivity Zdr {\^a}?{\textyen} 3 dB] within the tropical convection that were not included in prior theoretical studies. Scattering simulations demonstrated that the coefficients a and b are nearly constant for small to moderate sized drops (e.g., 0.5 {\^a}?{\texteuro} Zdr {\^a}?{\texteuro} 2 dB; 1 {\^a}?{\texteuro} diameter D0 <
2.5 mm) but actually increase with the differential reflectivity for drop size distributions characterized by Zdr > 2 dB. As a result, large drops 1) bias the mean coefficients upward and 2) increase the standard error associated with the mean empirical coefficients down range of convective cores that contain large drops. To reduce this error, the authors implemented a ?large drop correction? that utilizes enhanced coefficients a* and b* in large drop cores. Validation of the propagation correction algorithm was accomplished with cumulative rain gauge data and internal consistency among the polarimetric variables. The bias and standard error of the cumulative radar rainfall estimator R(Zh) [R(Kdp,Zdr)], where Zh is horizontal reflectivity and Kdp is specific differential phase, were substantially reduced after the application of the attenuation (differential attenuation) correction procedure utilizing ?dp. Similarly, scatterplots of uncorrected Zh (Zdr) versus Kdp substantially underestimated theoretical
expectations. After application of the propagation correction algorithm, the bias present in observations of both Zh(Kdp) and Zdr(Kdp) was removed and the standard errors relative to scattering simulation results were significantly reduced.",
issn="0894-8763",
doi="10.1175/1520-0450(2000)039<1405:CPEICB>2.0.CO;2",
}

@manual{DWD2009,
title="{RADOLAN/RADVOR-OP Beschreibung des Kompositformats}",
year={2009},
note="{in German}",
institution="{German Weather Service, Offenbach, Germany}",
url={https://www.dwd.de/DE/leistungen/radolan/radolan.html}
}

@book{Collier1996,
author="Collier, Christopher G.",
title="Applications of weather radar systems : a guide to uses of radar data in meteorology and hydrology",
year="1996",
publisher="J. Wiley \& sons ; Praxis publ.",
address="Chichester; New York; Brisbane [etc.]; Chichester"
}

@book{Bringi2001,
  title={Polarimetric Doppler weather radar: principles and applications},
  author={Bringi, VN and Chandrasekar, V},
  year={2001},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press}
}

@Article{Ryzhkov2005,
author="Ryzhkov, Alexander V.
and Giangrande, Scott E.
and Schuur, Terry J.",
title="Rainfall Estimation with a Polarimetric Prototype of WSR-88D",
journal="Journal of Applied Meteorology",
year="2005",
month="Apr",
day="01",
publisher="American Meteorological Society",
volume="44",
number="4",
pages="502--515",
abstract="Abstract As part of the Joint Polarization Experiment (JPOLE), the National Severe Storms Laboratory conducted an operational demonstration of the polarimetric utility of the Norman, Oklahoma (KOUN), Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D). The capability of the KOUN radar to estimate rainfall is tested on a large dataset representing different seasons and different types of rain. A dense gauge network?the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Micronet?is used to validate different polarimetric algorithms for rainfall estimation. One-hour rain totals are estimated from the KOUN radar using conventional and polarimetric algorithms and are compared with hourly accumulations measured by the gauges. Both point and areal rain estimates are examined. A new ?synthetic? rainfall algorithm has been developed for rainfall estimation. The use of the synthetic polarimetric algorithm results in significant reduction in the rms errors of hourly rain estimates when compared with the conventional
nonpolarimetric relation: 1.7 times for point measurements and 3.7 times for areal rainfall measurements.",
issn="0894-8763",
doi="10.1175/JAM2213.1",
}

@article{Gourley2007,
  title={A fuzzy logic algorithm for the separation of precipitating from nonprecipitating echoes using polarimetric radar observations},
  author={Gourley, Jonathan J and Tabary, Pierre and Parent du Chatelet, Jacques},
  journal={Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology},
  volume={24},
  number={8},
  pages={1439--1451},
  year={2007}
}

@techreport{DWD2004,
author={Dr. Weigl, Elmar and  Dr. Reich, Thomas and Lang, Peter and Wagner, Andreas and Kohler, Otfried and Gerlach, Nicole and MitarbeiterInnen der MeteoSolutions GmbH},
title="{Projekt RADOLAN - Routineverfahren zur Online-Aneichung der Radarniederschlagsdaten mit Hilfe von automatischen Bodenniederschlagsstationen (Ombrometer)}",
institution={German Weather Service, Offenbach, Germany},
year={2004},
type={Final Report},
url={https://www.dwd.de/DE/leistungen/radolan/radolan_info/abschlussbericht_pdf.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=2},
note="{in german}",
}

@article {Cao2013,
author = {Cao, Qing and Hong, Yang and Qi, Youcun and Wen, Yixin and Zhang, Jian and Gourley, Jonathan J. and Liao, Liang},
title = {Empirical conversion of the vertical profile of reflectivity from Ku-band to S-band frequency},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres},
volume = {118},
number = {4},
issn = {2169-8996},
url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50138},
doi = {10.1002/jgrd.50138},
pages = {1814--1825},
keywords = {Precipitation-radar, Precipitation, Radar, TRMM, VPR, PSD, DFR},
year = {2013},
}

@article{Liao2009,
author = { Liang  Liao  and  Robert  Meneghini },
title = {Validation of TRMM Precipitation Radar through Comparison of Its Multiyear Measurements with Ground-Based Radar},
journal = {Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology},
volume = {48},
number = {4},
pages = {804-817},
doi = {10.1175/2008JAMC1974.1},
url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008JAMC1974.1},
year = {2009},
}

@article{Schwaller2011,
author = { Mathew R.  Schwaller  and  K. Robert  Morris },
title = {A Ground Validation Network for the Global Precipitation Measurement Mission},
journal = {Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology},
volume = {28},
number = {3},
pages = {301-319},
year = {2011},
doi = {10.1175/2010JTECHA1403.1},
URL = {https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010JTECHA1403.1},
}

@article{Kilambi2018,
author = {Kilambi, Alamelu and Fabry, Frédéric and Meunier, Véronique},
title = {A Simple and Effective Method for Separating Meteorological from Nonmeteorological Targets Using Dual-Polarization Data},
journal = {Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology},
volume = {35},
number = {7},
pages = {1415-1424},
year = {2018},
doi = {10.1175/JTECH-D-17-0175.1},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-17-0175.1},
}

@article{Hubbert2009a,
author = {Hubbert, J. C. and Dixon, M. and Ellis, S. M. and Meymaris, G.},
title = {Weather Radar Ground Clutter. Part I: Identification, Modeling, and Simulation},
journal = {Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology},
volume = {26},
number = {7},
pages = {1165-1180},
year = {2009},
doi = {10.1175/2009JTECHA1159.1},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JTECHA1159.1},
}

@article{Hubbert2009b,
author = {Hubbert, J. C. and Dixon, M. and Ellis, S. M.},
title = {Weather Radar Ground Clutter. Part II: Real-Time Identification and Filtering},
journal = {Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology},
volume = {26},
number = {7},
pages = {1181-1197},
year = {2009},
doi = {10.1175/2009JTECHA1160.1},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JTECHA1160.1},
}

@misc{Melnikov2013,
author = {Melnikov, V. and Matrosov, S.},
title = "{Radar measurements of the axis ratios of cloud particles}",
year = {2013},
url = "https://ams.confex.com/ams/36Radar/webprogram/Manuscript/Paper228291/AxisRatio.pdf"
}

@article{Ryzhkov2017,
author = {Ryzhkov, Alexander and Matrosov, Sergey Y. and Melnikov, Valery and Zrnic, Dusan and Zhang, Pengfei and Cao, Qing and Knight, Michael and Simmer, Clemens and Troemel, Silke},
title = {Estimation of Depolarization Ratio Using Weather Radars with Simultaneous Transmission/Reception},
journal = {Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology},
volume = {56},
number = {7},
pages = {1797-1816},
year = {2017},
doi = {10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0098.1},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0098.1},
}
